Definition

1. Adjective:

   • Parallel: Describing two or more lines, paths, or surfaces that are always the same distance apart and never meet, no matter how far they are extended.
   • Simultaneous / Concurrent: Describing two or more processes, events, or actions that occur at the same time or alongside each other.

2. Adverb:

   • In parallel / Parallelly: In a manner where two or more things run alongside each other, either in a spatial or temporal sense, without intersecting.

Usage Examples

• Adjective:
  • Hai đường ray xe lửa chạy song song với nhau. (The two train tracks run parallel to each other.)
  • Dự án được tiến hành theo hai hướng song song. (The project is proceeding in two parallel directions.)
• Adverb:
  • Hai nhóm làm việc song song để hoàn thành sớm hơn. (The two teams work in parallel to finish earlier.)

Advanced Usage

• In Computing: Refers to tasks or processes executed simultaneously.
  • Bộ xử lý có khả năng chạy nhiều lệnh song song. (The processor can execute many instructions in parallel.)
• In Literature/Rhetoric (Parallelism): A structural arrangement where parts of a sentence, idea, or story are grammatically similar or identical in construction.
  • Tác giả sử dụng cấu trúc song song để nhấn mạnh ý. (The author uses parallel structure to emphasize the point.)

Variants and Related Words

• Song song với (prepositional phrase): Parallel to; concurrently with.
  • Anh ấy học đại học song song với việc đi làm. (He studies at university parallel to working a job.)
• Tính song song (n): The property of being parallel; parallelism.

Synonyms

• Parallel: Equidistant at all points.
• Concurrent: Happening or existing at the same time.
• Simultaneous: Occurring or operating at the same time.

Related Idioms and Phrases

• Tiến hành song song: To carry out concurrently.
  • Cải tạo và xây mới được tiến hành song song. (Renovation and new construction are carried out concurrently.)
• Tồn tại song song: To coexist.
  • Hai hệ thống cũ và mới tồn tại song song trong một thời gian. (The old and new systems coexisted for a time.)

adj

1. parallel